Carburetor



April 1o, 192s.A

L. M. WOOLSON CARB'URETQR Filed July 11. 1921 BY y@ w ,f1 ToRNEY.

Patented pr. 10, 1928.,

UNITED gli? LIONEL M. WOOLSON, OF DETROT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO COMPANY,OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, CORPORATION PACKARD Moron CAR or MICHIGAN.

GARBURETOR.

Application led July 11, 1921. Serial No. 483,994.

This invention relatesto carburetors and particularly to carburetors forhydrocarbon motors.

Carburetors have been built heretofore in which there are valves orother moving parts connected to the fuel nozzle for the purpose ofregulating the size or delivery action of the fuel outlet, which valvesor parts have been connected to air valves or the motor throttle orother controlling de vices in an attempt to furnish a correct mix tureto the motor at all speeds and loads.`

Some of these are more or less successful for a time, but because of thediiiiculty encountered in handling such a small quantity of liquid Vfuelrelative to the air required forthe mixture the needle valves present avery dicult manufacturing problem and their operation is usuallysomewhat erratic or soon becomes so with use.

It is therefore one of the object-s of the present invention to providea carburetor in which the fuel orifices or outlets are fixed and soformed that they may be reamcd to any exact size and are unencumbered byvalves or other moving parts7 and in which a proper mixture of liquidfuel and air may be delivered to the motor thruout its range ofoperation.

.Another object of the invention is to provide a carburetor with anozzle and mixture:

tube combination such that the liquid fuel will be supplied thru a smallorifice at rela.- tively low ksuction and thru an additional orificerafter the suction has increased due to a greater demand of the motor forthe mixture, to thereby effect an economy in the use of fuel. Otherobjects of the invention will appear from the following descriptiontaken in connection with the drawings which form a part of thisspecification, and in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical section thru a motorV intake pipe and acarburetor embodying the invention; and

Figure 2 shows a slightly modified form of nozzle.

Referring to the drawings, 10 represents a cylinder block of ahydrocarbon motor and 11 is the intake pipe thereof. The motor throttleis shown at 12 and the intake pipe is bent downwardly and is connectedto a carburetor 13 by the flanges 14 and bolts 15.

The carburetor comprises a mixing chamb er 16, a fioat chamber 17 ofusual construction, a main air intake 18, and an auxiliary air intake19. The main air intakemay be controlled by a butterfly valve 2O forchoking the carburetor when starting and the auxiliary air intake 19 ispreferably1 controlled by an air valve 21 having a spring or springs 22.n v

A iioat 23 in the float chamber operates avalve 24 whichv controls theinlet port 25 in the usual way to maintain the liquid fuel in the floatchamber at `the required level. A. supply pipe 26 communicates with theport 25 to supply the fuel.

Mounted inthe lower part of the mixing chamber 16 is a mixture tube 27which is shown of venturi form and in communication at its lower endwith the main air intake 18. Thus the air entering thevcarbw retor thruthe main air intake passes upwardly thru the mixture tube 27 and the airfrom the auxiliary air intake 19 passes upwardly around the outside ofthe mixture tube 27 into the mixing chamber V16.

The carburetor is provided with a nozzle 28 which is suitably securedtherein and the lower end of which communicates with the float chamberthru a passage 29. This nozzle is preferably formed of two tubes 30 and31, as shown, and a plug 32 by which it is secured in place. The outertube 30 is secured in the plug 32 andthe inner tube 31 extends into theouter tube. The upper end 33 of the outer tube is separated from theexterior of the inner tube to form a well 34 and the upper end of thiswell is so located relative to the mixture tube 27 and the float upperend and Aits restricted inlet orifice 35,

it will feed liquid fuelI to the venturi at the correct ratioy foridling and relatively low suction without danger of leakage when themotor stops, and second, when the motor is started the `well will supplya rich mixture momentarily but without a continuation of it that islikely to choke the motor. ,If the ill@ some extent. Near its that itsend A87 discharges into the mixing chamber. Thruout `the length of `thisextension the `interior is considerably restricted so "that it will actfrictionally on the liquid passing Athru it and `thus retard it to upperend, as at 38, its final restrictionjislocated so that it may be reamedto an exact size, as is `also the y restrictedV orifice 35 before theSlare put together.

From the"` above description of the construction Qfthe fuel nozzle YitWill be seen that the Well 34 Will be nearly `full of `fuel Whenthemotorisidle and as soon as the motor is turned over, thus creatingsuction inVth-e intalre Apipe 11, this liquid `fuel will be dravvn intothe mixture tube 27 and the mixing chamber 16 `with the incoming air andrich mixture AWill be rformed..for starting'the "n iotor.` `As .soon asthe Well 311 has been emptied the smallport 35 determines the `amountyof tube and tliisissullicient for idlingand `for the lower runningspeeds .or low suction. When'a greater 4suction i prevails however 1theliquid fuel vvillbe drawn up farther 'in the nozzleland Wilhdischargefrom the outlet 37 directly linto' the mixing chamber 16. Thisadditional `supply of liquid fuel `Will compensate for the additionalairthat is` dravvn in thru ,the intalre 19 byreason Aof the largersuction andthe mixture will 'be properly proportionedfor theheavierpduty required. It 1is retarded by friction `it passes thrutlwiefextension 36 sufficiently to prevent `an oyer-rieli `mixture atvery high suction.` vThe nozzle is entirely Afree `from valves or otherlfinirla Partsaad both O f its orifices Or 011tets af@ .at all iiaQS inthe 1.11am air 'dream ofthecarburetor. i

VIn Figure 2 a slightly Vdifferent form of nozzle'is sliovvn. The plug 32 and outer tube 30 areV exactly the same `but the inner tube 41 haslarge bore extending ,up to ,the

orificefdr andthe small bore ofits 'extension tubes 8O and 46j isY ofVminimum Adiameter all the 1Way `up from riaprire i` This remue makenthebore smaller above the" orilice 4:5, and

therefore Vprovi les `more surface friction for thelfuel aboveA` thatpoint, ,Without at the restricting `the capacity-of the orificey e5.:This will` provide a leaner mixffiit the higher arcade It Will beunderstood that various formsA gasoline vfed to the mixture of theinventionother than those described above may beused Without departingfrom the spirit or scope of the'invention.

Having described my invention, What I claim .and their@ t0 Secure.byLeterS `Pate ent Vis 1Q it carburetor comprising 'a float cham-`baixa mixture tube adjacent thereto, and a fuel nozzle connected tovthe 'float chamber anddiavin-g a ivoll opening into the mixture tubeslightly above the liquid level and having u second opening somewhatabove the top of theavell and in the inain airestream.

2. In a carburetor, the combinationvvith a `Venturi mixture tube, of afuel A'nozzle therein having a Well opening into said Venturiy tubeadjacent its neclr andfhaving a `second opening above theivell and inthe main air-stream. l

8. 'Ina carburetor, the coinbinatioirvvith a L Venturi mixture tube, ofa fuel nozzleextending intoan d-thru the ltube and `having a-Wellopening into the .tube at its narrovvest part i and having a secondopening above the-topI ofthe `tube and at all times Vinthe niainain istream. l i e fl. 'a carburetor comprising a ifloatchamn ber, a mixturetube adjacent-thereto, anda fuel nozzle connected `to the'oat chamberand having a vvell Withits only outletimeans opening into themixturetube slightly above the liquid `level and having ajsec'onlopening somewhat above the top of thefIWellf--and inthe mainair-streainjv A carburetor comprising a float chambei', a mixingchamber, a main air intake, a secondary air intake, amixturetubefcoiri-` municating with the main air intake and exs"tendiiiginto the mixing chamber,and a fuel nozzle having a Welldischarginginto the mixture tube and having a. discharge Aoutlet inthe'mixingchamberf i 1G. A carburetor comprisingl a mixtureA tube and aduplex fuelnozzle therein,` said fuel nozzle being formed of aninnertube and an outer tube, the inner'tube extending somewhat above theupper end `of the ,outer tubeandthc outer tube being cut ayvaylto form atvell at its upper end around the inner tube, the inner passage of thefnozzle cominner tube and With said Well, and said V"Well beleny itsupper end communicating onlyjV ivitli the inner passage of said-nozzle'i'. A `carburetor comprising a mixture tube, and a fuel nozzletliereinllliaving aavell opening freely into said tube `andhaving asecond opening into the tube above'v ther-top of the well, there being arestrictive "passage from the interior of the nozzleto saidivell;

8. In a hydrocarbon` motor, the `combin a-l tion with the intake `pipeand throttle valve,` of a carburetor comprising'a mixing` Achain; berdelivering to said intake pipe and a nozzle in which all the parts arerelativel-yfixed lli.)

and valveless in operation, said nozzle having a delivery openingslightly above the normal fuel level and comprising an openended WellWith a restrictive passage from the interior of the nozzle, said nozzlehaving a second delivery opening Well above the first opening andcomprising an elongated tube With a restricted passage therethru.

9. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the intake pipe andthrottle valve, of a carburetor comprising a mixing chamber deliveringto said intake pipe, a Venturi tube below the mixing chamber, and anozzle in the Venturi tube, all the part-s of said nozzle and tube beingrelatively nxecl and valveless in operation, and said nozzle comprising,first, a Well open at its top at the contracted part of said tube andhaving a restrictive passage from the interior of the prising,

nozzle, and second, an elongated extension with a'restricted passagethereth'ru and delivering Well above the restricted part of the Venturitube.

l0. ln a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the intake pipe andthrottle valve, of a carburetor comprising a mixingv chamber deliveringto said intake pipe, a Venturi tube below the mixing chamber, and a nozzle in the Venturi tube, all the parts of said nozzle and tube beingrelatively fixed and valveless in operation, and said nozzle comfirst, aWell open at its top and adapt-edV to deliver fuel at low suction, andsecond,.a relatively high outlet adapted to deliver fuel at high suctiononly.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

LIONEL M. WooLsoN.

